The Complete Guide to PFAS Forever Chemicals: Where They Hide and How to Avoid Them

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Understanding PFAS forever chemicals: a comprehensive guide to where they hide and how to avoid them

If you're wondering what PFAS are and why health authorities are paying so much attention to them, you're not alone. These chemicals have been part of our daily lives for decades, hiding in products most of us use every single day.

Here's what you need to know: almost every person in Australia has detectable levels of PFAS in their blood. That might sound concerning, but understanding what PFAS are, where they hide, and what you can do about it puts you in a position to make informed choices for your family's health.

I've been aware of PFAS for many years now, and what I've learned has fundamentally changed how I shop and what I bring into my home. This is your comprehensive guide to PFAS—what they are, where you'll find them hiding in everyday products, why they matter for your health, and most importantly, what alternatives exist.

What Are PFAS and Why Are They Called "Forever Chemicals"?

PFAS stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances—a group of over 10,000 synthetic chemicals that have earned the nickname "forever chemicals" for a very specific reason: they don't break down. You might recognize PFAS by their most famous brand name: Teflon. Developed by DuPont in 1938, this non-stick coating became a household staple in kitchens worldwide in the 1960s.

These chemicals have been used in consumer products since the 1940s and 1950s to make things non-stick, waterproof, stain-resistant, and grease-proof. PFAS molecules have a chain of linked carbon and fluorine atoms. Because the carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest chemical bonds in nature, these chemicals do not degrade easily in the environment—or in our bodies.

What makes them "forever":
Unlike most chemicals that break down into harmless components over time through natural processes (sunlight, bacteria, water), PFAS are extraordinarily stable. They don't biodegrade. They accumulate in soil, water, air, and living organisms. Once they're in your body, they stay there for years, building up with each new exposure.

This persistence is exactly what made them useful for manufacturing—products could be made non-stick, waterproof, and stain-resistant. But it's also what makes them so concerning for human and environmental health.

Why PFAS Matter for Your Health

The concern about PFAS isn't theoretical—it's based on growing research showing links to serious health impacts. Here's what the science shows:

Immune System Effects

PFAS have been linked to impaired immune function. Studies have linked exposure to certain PFAS to various immune-related outcomes, including:

• Reduced antibody production
• Increased susceptibility to infections
• Asthma and allergic responses
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Weakened immune response overall

Research shows that PFAS can interfere with the body's natural immune defenses, making it harder to fight off infections and increasing inflammatory responses. This is particularly concerning for children, whose immune systems are still developing.

Developmental Concerns

PFAS have been linked to:

• Low birth weight
• Birth defects
• Delayed development in children
• Accelerated puberty
• Bone variations
• Behavioral changes

Recent studies have revealed changes in human embryonic stem cells and maternal biomarkers, underscoring the severity of long-term PFAS exposure, particularly during pregnancy and early childhood.

Cancer Risk

Research has shown increased risk of some cancers, including prostate, kidney, and testicular cancers. PFAS have been linked with altered DNA methylation at genes involved in immune function and possibly cancer risk. Three PFAS were specifically linked with increased epigenetic age—essentially, making cells age faster at a genetic level.

Other Health Impacts

Studies have found that PFAS can cause:

• Liver damage and dysfunction
• Kidney disease
• Thyroid problems
• Increased cholesterol levels
• Reduced fertility

The challenge is that we're still learning about the full extent of PFAS health effects. These chemicals have only been heavily studied in recent decades, and we don't fully understand the long-term consequences of lifelong exposure to the cocktail of PFAS we encounter daily.

Australia's 2025 PFAS Ban: What Changed

Authorities have taken significant action. In a major step forward, the government banned the manufacture, import, export, and use of PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and related substances as of July 1, 2025. This ban applies to many products, especially packaging and household items, though some exceptions remain for research and legacy contamination.

Updated Drinking Water Guidelines

The NHMRC set new drinking water thresholds in June 2025:
- PFOS: 0.008 µg/L
- PFHxS: 0.03 µg/L
- PFOA: 0.2 µg/L

Public water supplies undergo regular testing and meet these standards nationwide. The health risks from PFAS in drinking water is low for most people according to current assessments.

What's Still Not Regulated

While the July 2025 ban is significant, it only covers a handful of the thousands of PFAS chemicals in use. Currently, no regulatory limits exist for PFAS in food, which means the responsibility largely falls on us as consumers to make informed choices.

Where PFAS Are Hiding: A Room-by-Room Guide

Here's what I've learned over the past five years: PFAS aren't just in some distant industrial facility. They're in products we use every single day, in every room of our homes. Let me show you where they're actually hiding.

Kitchen

Non-stick cookware and appliances
This is probably the most well-known source. That slick Teflon coating that keeps your eggs from sticking? PFAS. Non-stick pans, pots, rice cookers, air fryers, sandwich presses—if it has a non-stick coating, it likely contains PFAS.

When these surfaces get scratched or heated to high temperatures, PFAS can transfer into your food. Once I understood this, scratched non-stick pans were the first things to go from my kitchen.

Alternatives: Stainless steel, cast iron, carbon steel, or true ceramic cookware (not "ceramic non-stick" which may still contain PFAS). You can find quality options at Harvey Norman, Kmart for budget-friendly versions, Scanpan is a well known brand or invest in Australian-made Solidteknics for lifetime cookware.

Food packaging and takeaway containers
This is one of the most concerning sources. Research found PFAS in 1 out of 3 samples of food packaging. A Planet Ark and APCO study confirmed the presence of PFAS significantly above background levels in almost a third of packaging samples tested.

PFAS are used in:
- Takeaway containers and bowls
- Pizza boxes (the grease-resistant coating)
- Burger and sandwich wrappers
- Microwave popcorn bags (the inner lining)
- Bakery bags
- Some paper plates and bowls
- Fast food packaging

The problem? These chemicals can migrate from the packaging into your food, especially with hot, greasy, or acidic foods.

Alternatives: Choose fresh foods over packaged when possible. Transfer takeaway food to glass or ceramic containers at home rather than eating directly from packaging. Bring your own containers to restaurants when getting takeaway.

Baking Papers, Muffin Cases, and Silicone Bakeware: What to Know About Safer Swaps
Many baking papers and muffin cases are treated with PFAS to make them greaseproof and non-stick. Recent Australian testing found PFAS in approximately 1 in 3 food-contact packaging items, including many types of paper bakeware—even some labeled as "eco-friendly" or "unbleached". Unless the packaging specifically states "PFAS-free" or "no fluorochemicals", there's a risk these products contain added forever chemicals. Dollar Sweets, for example, now explicitly state their unbleached muffin wraps are made without fluorochemicals, making them a safer local choice.

Some people switch to silicone muffin cases to avoid PFAS paper, but this comes with its own caveats. While food-grade silicone is generally considered safe and inert by authorities, multiple recent studies show that certain chemicals called siloxanes can leach from new or low-quality silicone molds, especially at high baking temperatures. High-quality, platinum-cured, or LFGB-certified silicone is much less likely to leach, but if you still feel uneasy, glass, ceramic, or well-greased steel pans are the lowest-toxin alternatives.

The takeaway: Choose baking liners and muffin cases only if they explicitly declare "no fluorochemicals," or opt for trusted silicone bakeware brands (certified, platinum-cured) and rotate in traditional glass or steel bakeware greased with natural fats/oils. If you're unsure about any product, reach out to the manufacturer and ask for test results or ingredient disclosure.

Other kitchen items
- Some plastic food storage containers
- Cutting boards marketed as "antimicrobial"
- Kitchen textiles treated for stain resistance

Bathroom

Cosmetics and personal care products
PFAS are used in cosmetics to improve product texture, longevity, and water resistance. They're found in:
- Waterproof mascara and eyeliner
- Long-wear lipstick and lip gloss
- Foundation and concealer (especially "long-lasting" formulas)
- Eyeshadow and blush
- Sunscreen (particularly "water-resistant" formulas)
- Shaving cream
- Certain moisturizers and serums

The concern? These products go directly on your skin, which absorbs them, or near mucous membranes (lips, eyes) where absorption is even more efficient.

The good news: Major brands are reformulating. L'Oréal announced that 100% of their formulas would be PFAS-free by the end of 2024. However, older products may still be on shelves until retailer stocks are exhausted.

Alternatives: Look for brands that specifically advertise as PFAS-free. Check ingredient lists for fluorinated compounds (ingredients with "fluoro" in the name). Natural beauty brands and independent health stores often stock PFAS-free alternatives.

Dental floss - A Surprising Source

This one was surprising when I first learned about it. Popular brands of dental floss contain high concentrations of PFAS! That smooth, slick glide that makes certain flosses so easy to use? Often PFAS-based.

Brands confirmed to contain PFAS:
- Oral-B Glide (Procter & Gamble confirmed their floss contains PTFE, a type of PFAS)
- Listerine Reach Ultraclean
- Colgate Mint Waxed floss

Research found that women who used Oral-B Glide floss had significantly higher levels of PFHxS in their blood. Since you're using floss daily—often twice a day—and it goes directly into your mouth where tissues are highly absorbent, this is a significant source of exposure.

PFAS-free dental floss brands:
- Dr. Tung's Smart Floss (Consumer Reports Best choice)
- Humble Co. Plant-Based Flossers
- Tom's of Maine
- Bamboo Earth Pure Silk Eco Floss
- Boka Ela Mint Floss
- The Natural Family Co Friendly Flossers (available at Sassy Organics)
- Dental Lace
- Cocofloss

Alternatives: Switch to natural silk floss, bamboo fiber floss, or PFAS-free waxed cotton floss. Check your local health food store, chemist, or online retailers for alternatives.

Other bathroom items
- Certain shampoos and conditioners (especially "smoothing" formulas)
- Dental tape
- Some contact lens solutions

Medical Supplies

Band-aids and Plasters - 65% Contain PFAS

This is particularly concerning because bandages are placed directly on open wounds, allowing PFAS to leach into the bloodstream. Between 2020 and 2022, testing found that 26 out of 40 bandages tested (65%) contained PFAS.

Brands confirmed to contain PFAS:
- Band-Aid (multiple varieties including Flexible Fabric, OURTONE Flexible Fabric)
- Elastoplast
- Curad
- CVS Health
- Rite Aid
- Care Science
- Browndages
- Dealmed
- Dry See

PFAS-free bandage brands (tested non-detect):
- Welly: Good Vibes Bravery Badges and Waterproof Bravery Assorted Waterproof Bandages
- PATCH Bamboo Bandages
- 3M Micropore Surgical/Medical Tape
- All Terrain Neon Kids Bandage
- Band-Aid Hello Kitty Assorted Adhesive Bandages (interestingly, this specific variety tested clean while others didn't)
- CVS Sterile Manuka Honey Sports Bandages
- FEBU Organic Bamboo Strip Bandages
- TRU COLOUR Skin tone Bandages
- Trutone Skin Tone Adhesive Bandages

What to do: Check brands carefully. PATCH Bamboo Bandages are widely available at health food stores and pharmacies. Even within the same brand (like Band-Aid), some varieties contain PFAS while others don't.

Personal Care - Menstrual Products

The Shocking Reality of Period Products

This is one of the most concerning areas I've researched, and it deserves serious attention. Between 2020 and 2022, testing commissioned by consumer watchdog Mamavation and Environmental Health News revealed alarming results:
- 48% of sanitary pads, incontinence pads, and panty liners contained detectable PFAS
- 22% of tampons tested positive
- 65% of period underwear showed traces of PFAS

What makes this particularly disturbing is that many products advertised as "organic," "natural," "non-toxic," or "sustainable" also tested positive for PFAS.

Why this matters more than other PFAS sources:

Menstrual products are intended for extended contact with genital tissue. Vaginal mucous membranes are highly absorptive—they can absorb neutral PFAS more easily than other body tissues. Tampons can cause micro-tears in vaginal skin, potentially allowing chemicals direct access to the bloodstream. Women use these products for days at a time, monthly, for decades of their reproductive lives.

A critical note about "organic":
A 2023 study found PFAS in 22% of tampons tested—including some labeled as organic. This is crucial to understand: while organic certification (such as GOTS or USDA Organic) ensures the cotton is grown without pesticides, it does NOT guarantee the product is PFAS-free. PFAS can be in:
- The wrapper or packaging
- Processing equipment
- Applicators
- Adhesives used in pads
- Waterproof backing layers
- Period underwear fabric treatments

Menstrual products with PFAS concerns:
- Conventional pads from major brands
- Many brands of period underwear (even "eco-friendly" ones)
- Some tampon wrappers and applicators
- Panty liners with "leak-proof" backing
- Incontinence pads

PFAS-free period product options:

Tampons:
- TOM Organic - 100% ACO (Certified Organic) certified organic cotton, GOTS certified, available at Woolworths and Chemist Warehouse
- Cottons (cottons.com.au) - 100% organic cotton, no bleach, no scents, no synthetic materials, available at Woolworths and pharmacies
- Tsuno - Organic cotton tampons
- Tom's of Maine (international brand, sometimes available here)

Pads:
- TOM Organic pads - Certified organic cotton
- Cottons pads - 100% organic cotton with no synthetic backing
- Reusable cloth pads made from organic cotton (various brands available at health food stores)

Period underwear:
- Look for OEKO-TEX certified brands that specifically state PFAS-free
- Knix (OEKO-TEX certified, PFAS-free)
- Saalt (transparent about materials, third-party certified)
- Be cautious: Thinx was found to contain PFAS when tested by third parties

Menstrual cups:
- Medical-grade silicone menstrual cups (tested non-detect for fluorine)
- Considered one of the safest options as they contain no absorbent materials or chemical treatments
- Brands like Lunette, DivaCup, Saalt Cup

What to do:
1. Switch to certified organic cotton tampons from brands like TOM Organic or Cottons
2. Consider menstrual cups as the safest long-term option
3. If using period underwear, specifically seek OEKO-TEX certified, PFAS-free brands
4. Avoid products marketed with "leak-proof," "stain-resistant," or "waterproof" unless they explicitly state PFAS-free
5. Contact brands directly and ask for third-party PFAS testing results

This is one area where the investment in safer products is absolutely worth it, given the intimate contact and long-term exposure.

Bedroom and Living Areas

Carpets and rugs
Stain-resistant carpets often contain PFAS. That Scotchgard or similar treatment that keeps spills from soaking in? Frequently PFAS-based.

Furniture and upholstery
- Stain-resistant couches and chairs
- Water-resistant cushions
- Treated mattress protectors
- Some mattresses themselves (flame retardant treatments)

Curtains and blinds
Some treatments for water resistance or dust resistance contain PFAS.

Bedding
- Waterproof mattress covers
- Some pillow protectors
- Stain-resistant sheets

Alternatives: Look for untreated natural fibers—organic cotton, linen, wool. If you need waterproofing for mattress protectors (especially for kids), look for PFAS-free options or use natural wool, which is naturally water-resistant. Target, Kmart, and Big W carry basic untreated cotton bedding at reasonable prices.

Laundry and Cleaning

Cleaning products
- Certain all-purpose cleaners
- Glass cleaners (for streak-free shine)
- Floor polishes
- Stain removers

Alternatives: Simple cleaning with vinegar, baking soda, castile soap, and water avoids PFAS entirely.

Wardrobe

Outdoor and activewear
This is a significant category:
- Waterproof jackets and raincoats
- Water-resistant hiking boots and shoes
- Ski gear and snow pants
- Athletic wear marketed as "moisture-wicking" or "water-resistant"
- Gym bags and backpacks with water-resistant coatings
- Some yoga mats

Many major outdoor brands have used or still use PFAS in their waterproof/breathable fabrics. Here's what you need to know about brands available here:

Kathmandu: Has committed to phasing out PFAS in their products. Check newer collections and ask staff about PFAS-free options.

Macpac: Another major outdoor retailer—contact them directly to ask about their PFAS policies and PFAS-free product lines.

Sea to Summit: Outdoor gear company—worth checking their current PFAS stance.

The outdoor industry is transitioning, but it takes time. When shopping for new outdoor gear, specifically ask retailers about PFAS-free options.

Alternatives: Look for brands specifically advertising PFAS-free waterproof technologies. Some companies are developing alternatives using waxes, silicones, or other non-PFAS coatings. Patagonia (available here) has committed to PFAS-free products.

Regular clothing
- Stain-resistant or wrinkle-resistant dress shirts and pants
- School uniforms treated for stain resistance
- Some athletic socks marketed as "odor-resistant"

Alternatives: Untreated natural fibers. Yes, they might stain more easily, but that's preferable to daily PFAS exposure. Target, Kmart, Big W, and Cotton On carry affordable basic cotton clothing.

Around the House

Paints and sealants
- Some weatherproofing sealants
- Certain specialty paints

Electronics
- Cables and wiring (as insulation)
- Some electronic device casings

Pet products
- Stain-resistant pet beds
- Water-resistant dog coats
- Some pet food packaging

The Big Problem: PFAS Aren't Listed on Labels

Here's one of the most frustrating things about trying to avoid PFAS: unlike food additives that must be declared on ingredient lists, there is NO requirement for companies to disclose PFAS on product labels. This is true for almost every product category except cosmetics sold in some jurisdictions.

What this means practically:

Your cookware, clothing, furniture, carpets, food packaging, outdoor gear, cleaning products, and most other items containing PFAS won't tell you they contain PFAS anywhere on the label or packaging.

A waterproof jacket might say "waterproof breathable fabric" but won't mention the PFAS coating that makes it waterproof. Takeaway packaging won't tell you about the PFAS in the grease-resistant lining. Your stain-resistant carpet won't disclose the PFAS treatment.

Why companies don't have to tell you:

Unlike ingredients in food or cosmetics, PFAS in most consumer products fall into a regulatory grey zone. They're often considered "processing aids" or "proprietary coatings" rather than ingredients requiring disclosure. Even when they're a significant component of a product, companies can legally keep this information from consumers.

The cosmetics exception:

Cosmetics sold in some countries (including those available here) must list all ingredients, which is why you can look for "fluoro" compounds on cosmetics labels. But even here, PFAS can hide under vague terms or be present as contaminants that don't require listing.

How to find out what contains PFAS:

Since labels won't tell you, here are your options:

1. Contact companies directly

This is often your only way to get a definitive answer. Email or call the company and ask specifically:
- "Does this product contain any PFAS, PFOA, PFOS, or PFCs?"
- "Has this product been treated with any fluorinated compounds?"
- "Do you have third-party testing results showing PFAS levels?"

Get specific product names and model numbers. Don't accept vague answers like "We follow all regulations" - regulations don't require disclosure, so that tells you nothing.

2. Look for PFAS-free certifications

Some third-party certifications test for PFAS:
- OEKO-TEX certification (textiles)
- Cradle to Cradle Certified
- Products specifically labeled "PFAS-free" or "PFC-free"

These certifications involve actual testing, not just company claims.

3. Assume "treated" products contain PFAS unless proven otherwise

If a product claims to be water-resistant, stain-resistant, grease-proof, or non-stick, assume it contains PFAS until the company can prove it doesn't with third-party testing.

4. Watch for reformulations

Companies transitioning away from PFAS will usually advertise it prominently. Look for phrases like:
- "Now PFAS-free"
- "Reformulated without PFCs"
- "New fluorine-free formula"

What companies might tell you (and what it means):

- "We comply with all regulations" = Doesn't mean PFAS-free, regulations don't ban most PFAS
- "Our products are safe" = Doesn't answer whether they contain PFAS
- "Trade secret" = Probably contains PFAS
- "We're transitioning away from PFAS" = Still contains PFAS currently, may be PFAS-free in future
- "Third-party tested and PFAS was non-detect" = This is what you want to hear, ask for the test report

The frustrating reality:

You shouldn't have to be a detective to know what's in the products you're buying. But until labeling requirements change, contacting companies directly is often your only option for products outside cosmetics.

Keep a list of responses you get from companies. Share this information with friends and online communities - crowdsourcing company transparency helps everyone make better choices.

How to Identify PFAS Products

Unlike food additives, there's no requirement to list PFAS on product labels. This makes them challenging to identify, but here are your clues:

Marketing language to watch for:
- "Water-resistant" or "waterproof"
- "Stain-resistant" or "stain-proof"
- "Grease-resistant" or "grease-proof"
- "Non-stick"
- "Wrinkle-free" or "easy care"
- "Breathable waterproof" (outdoor gear)
- "Long-lasting" or "long-wear" (cosmetics)

On ingredient lists (cosmetics), look for:
Words containing "fluoro" or "perfluoro":
- Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)
- Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)
- Polyfluoroalkyl
- Polyperfluoromethylisopropyl
- PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)
- Any ingredient with "fluoro" in it

The challenge: Many PFAS aren't listed at all. Your best approach is to:
1. Look for products specifically certified or labeled "PFAS-free"
2. Avoid products with the marketing claims above
3. Choose untreated natural materials when possible
4. Contact companies directly to ask about PFAS in their products

PFAS-Free Brands and Alternatives

More companies are committing to PFAS-free formulations. Here's what to look for:

Cookware:
- Solidteknics: Australian-made iron and stainless steel cookware, guaranteed PFAS-free
- Cast iron and stainless steel options from Harvey Norman, The Good Guys, Myer
- Budget options at Kmart, Target, Big W

Food storage:
- Glass containers on special at Big W, Woolworths, Coles
- Glasslock, Sistema (widely available)
- Pyrex available at most major retailers

Cosmetics:
- L'Oréal (available at Priceline, Chemist Warehouse) - committed to PFAS-free formulas
- Independent natural beauty brands at health food stores
- Check Nourished Life or Flora & Fauna online for curated PFAS-free beauty

Dental care:
- Dr. Tung's Smart Floss
- Humble Co. flossers
- Tom's of Maine
- The Natural Family Co (available at Sassy Organics)

Medical supplies:
- PATCH Bamboo Bandages
- Welly bandages
- 3M Micropore tape

Menstrual products:
- TOM Organic (Woolworths, Chemist Warehouse)
- Cottons (Woolworths, pharmacies)
- Tsuno (health food stores, online)
- Medical-grade silicone menstrual cups

Outdoor gear:
- Ask specifically at Kathmandu, Macpac, and other outdoor retailers about PFAS-free lines
- Patagonia has committed to PFAS-free products
- Check product descriptions for "PFC-free" or "fluorocarbon-free"

Clothing:
- Untreated organic cotton from local brands
- Cotton On, Kmart, Target for basic untreated clothing
- Independent sustainable fashion brands

Cleaning:
- Simple DIY solutions (vinegar, bicarb, castile soap)
- Ecostore (widely available)
- Natural cleaning brands at Woolworths, Coles, health food stores

What to look for:
When shopping, actively seek out "PFAS-free," "PFC-free," or "fluorocarbon-free" labels. Don't be afraid to ask staff directly or contact companies via their websites.

Practical Steps to Reduce PFAS Exposure

You don't need to overhaul your entire home overnight. Here's a practical, prioritized approach based on what I've learned since becoming aware of PFAS:

Start with Your Cookware (Priority 1)

This is the most impactful change you can make. When your current non-stick pans need replacing—or if they're already scratched—switch to:
- Stainless steel: Durable, non-reactive, lasts forever
- Cast iron: Naturally non-stick when seasoned, adds iron to food
- Carbon steel: Similar to cast iron, lighter weight
- True ceramic: Ceramic cookware (not ceramic-coated non-stick)

Solidteknics is Australian-made and guaranteed for life—worth the investment. Scanpan have a great stainless steel range. Otherwise, Kmart and Target have affordable stainless steel and cast iron options.

Switch Menstrual Products and Medical Supplies (Priority 2)

Given the high PFAS detection rates and intimate contact:
- Replace period products with TOM Organic or Cottons (widely available)
- Consider switching to menstrual cups for the safest option
- Replace conventional bandages with PATCH Bamboo Bandages
- Switch dental floss to PFAS-free brands like Dr. Tung's or Humble Co.

These are daily or monthly exposures through highly absorbent tissues—worth prioritizing.

Tackle Food Packaging (Priority 3)

Given that PFAS were found in 1 in 3 food packaging samples:
- Transfer takeaway food to your own glass or ceramic containers at home
- Avoid eating directly from pizza boxes, burger wrappers, microwave popcorn bags
- Choose fresh foods over heavily packaged options
- Bring your own containers when getting takeaway
- Skip the microwave popcorn—make it on the stovetop instead

Build Up Glass Storage (Priority 4)

Start accumulating glass food storage containers. You'll find them on special at Big W, Woolworths, and Coles—perfect time to buy them. Replace plastic containers gradually, prioritizing those you use for:
- Hot foods
- Acidic foods (tomato sauce, leftovers with vinegar)
- Fatty foods (these leach more chemicals)

Filter Your Water (Priority 5)

While the health risks from PFAS in drinking water is low for most people, if you want extra peace of mind, invest in a quality water filter certified to remove PFAS. Look for filters specifically tested and certified for PFAS removal. Bunnings, Harvey Norman, and online retailers stock various options.

Replace Stain-Resistant Items As They Wear Out

When carpets, furniture, or clothing need replacing:
- Choose untreated natural fibers
- Skip the Scotchgard or stain-resistant treatments
- Look for PFAS-free outdoor gear from brands transitioning away

Switch Personal Care Products

Check your cosmetics and personal care products:
- Replace waterproof mascara with regular formulas
- Choose PFAS-free dental floss
- Look for brands that have committed to removing PFAS
- Be especially careful with products used daily (foundation, moisturizer, lip products)
- Priceline and Chemist Warehouse often have "clean beauty" sections with PFAS-free options

What You DON'T Need to Do

You don't need to:
- Throw out your entire wardrobe
- Replace furniture immediately
- Panic about every product
- Spend a fortune on specialty items

The goal is gradual, sustainable changes that reduce your overall PFAS burden over time.

The Context: Where We Stand

The approach has been relatively proactive compared to many countries. The July 2025 ban on PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS puts us ahead of many nations in regulating these chemicals.

However, challenges remain:
- Much of global source water exceeds PFAS safe drinking limits (UNSW research)
- No limits exist for PFAS in food
- Thousands of PFAS chemicals remain unregulated
- Legacy contamination from firefighting foams at airports and military bases continues to affect some communities

Water authorities actively monitor and manage PFAS in drinking water, and new guidelines ensure public water supplies meet safety standards. This is reassuring for tap water, but doesn't address PFAS in food, packaging, or consumer products.

Moving Forward: Empowered, Not Overwhelmed

After being aware of PFAS for about five years, here's what I want you to know: you don't need to do everything at once, and you don't need to panic.

The fact that authorities implemented bans as of July 2025 shows this issue is being taken seriously at the regulatory level. As consumers, we complement these efforts by making thoughtful choices about products we purchase.

Remember:
- Gradual swaps work. You don't need to do everything at once.
- Some changes matter more than others. Cookware, menstrual products, and food packaging have more impact than your rain jacket.
- Every small step reduces your body burden. Each PFAS-free choice means less accumulation over time.
- Supporting PFAS-free brands drives market change. Your purchasing choices push companies to develop safer alternatives.

PFAS are found everywhere, but gradual swaps—like switching cookware, choosing glass storage, switching to safer period products, and opting for untreated clothing—make a real difference without creating panic or financial strain.

Start with one category. Maybe it's replacing that scratched non-stick pan with stainless steel from Kmart. Or switching to TOM Organic tampons at Woolworths. Or buying PATCH bandages instead of Band-Aid. Or switching to Dr. Tung's dental floss from your local health food store. Then move to the next thing.

This isn't about perfection. It's about awareness and making choices that align with protecting your family's health—one practical step at a time.

References

1. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. (2024). "Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)." NIEHS.

2. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2025). "How PFAS Impacts Your Health." CDC. July 22, 2025.

3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2024). "Our Current Understanding of the Human Health and Environmental Risks of PFAS." EPA. November 26, 2024.

4. University of Michigan School of Public Health. (2024). "Protecting populations from dangers of PFAS exposure." Findings, Autumn 2024. November 6, 2024.

5. Stanford Medicine News. (2024). "PFAS, aka 'forever chemicals': What the science says." July 25, 2024.

6. FSANZ. (2025). "Perfluorinated compounds guidance." Food Standards Australia New Zealand.

7. NHMRC. (2025). "Updated Drinking Water Guidelines for PFAS." National Health and Medical Research Council.

8. NHMRC. (2024). "NHMRC Review of PFAS in drinking water." National Health and Medical Research Council.

9. Clayton Utz. (2025). "PFAS ban announcement."

10. Maersk. (2025). "Details of PFAS ban in Australia."

11. Planet Ark & APCO. (2025). "PFAS in Food Packaging." Planet Ark and Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation.

12. Planet Ark & APCO. (2024). "The Health and Environmental Risks of PFAS: A Focus on Food Contact Packaging."

13. UNSW Sydney. (April 2024). "PFAS forever chemicals above drinking water guidelines in global source water."

14. Mamavation & Environmental Health News. (2022). "PFAS Chemicals Detected in Period Products." Consumer Testing Results 2020-2022.

15. Dr. Joseph Nemeth. (May 2025). "Toxic chemicals in popular dental floss brands." The Cool Down. May 6, 2025.

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